Crank Connecting Rod Mechanism Parts

2024-10-22 20:56

Crank Connecting Rod Mechanism Parts
- Piston: It moves up and down inside the cylinder, taking pressure from the combustion gases and transmitting the force to the crankshaft via the piston pin and connecting rod. The shape of the top of the piston may vary depending on the engine design purpose, for example, some are flat top and some are concave top. Its material is usually high strength aluminium alloy to reduce weight and to withstand high temperature and pressure.
- Piston rings: These are classified as gas rings and oil rings. The gas ring is mainly used to seal the high temperature and high pressure gas inside the cylinder to prevent it from leaking into the crankcase; the oil ring is used to scrape down the excess oil on the cylinder wall to prevent the oil from entering the combustion chamber. Piston rings work in harsh environments and require good wear resistance and elasticity.
- Connecting rod: connects the piston with the crankshaft and converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotating motion of the crankshaft. The connecting rods are generally forged from medium carbon steel or medium carbon alloy steel, and the rods need to have sufficient strength and stiffness.
- Crankshaft: It is one of the most important parts of the engine, which converts the force from the connecting rods into torque and outputs power to drive the car. The crankshaft is equipped with a counterweight, which is used to balance the inertia force and moment of inertia generated by the piston connecting rod set, so as to make the engine run smoothly. Its material is usually ductile cast iron or steel.
Accessories of Gas Distribution Mechanism
- Valve: It is divided into intake valve and exhaust valve. Intake valves are used to control the entry of air and fuel, while exhaust valves are used to discharge exhaust gases after combustion. The shape and size of the valve head affects the efficiency of intake and exhaust, and its material needs to be able to withstand high temperatures and frequent impacts.
- Valve springs: Ensure that the valves fit snugly into the valve seats when they are closed and that they open and close in time under the action of the camshaft. Valve springs must have the right coefficient of elasticity, otherwise the valves may not close properly or open properly.
- Camshaft: It controls the opening and closing times and the lift of the valves. The cam contour on the camshaft determines the movement pattern of the valves and maintains a precise transmission relationship with the crankshaft through the timing belt or timing chain to ensure the normal air exchange process of the engine.